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What effect does chocolate containing wheat germ have on children with Down syndromes blood lipids and intelligence quotient? A randomized clinical trial. |
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PP: 93-110 |
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doi:10.18576/jans/010302
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Author(s) |
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Shereen Mohamed Hassan,
Ali Mohamed El Shafie,
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Abstract |
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| Early dietary interventions for children with Down syndrome (DS)
reduce the onset of various DS-related disorders and improve their
quality of life. This study aimed to formulate a chocolate product
supplemented with functional foods and nutrients (i.e., wheat germ,
psyllium, choline, and inositol) to improve blood lipid profiles and
intelligence quotient (IQ) in DS children. Seventeen children with
DS (nine boys and eight girls) aged 7 to 11 years were randomly
chosen from Egyptian medical facilities in Menoufia and Gharbia.
The children were divided into two groups: the control group
(n=8), which received standard medical treatment and 30 g/day
placebo chocolate (with no supplements), and the wheat germ
group (n=9), which received standard medical treatment and 30
g/day chocolate supplemented with wheat germ, psyllium, choline,
and inositol. The dietary intervention lasted for 84 days. Results
showed that body weight decreased significantly (P<0.001) among
the WG group by 3.1 kg, while it increased by kilograms5 kg among
the control group. In addition, the WG group had a significant
(P<0.001) decrease in BMI of 3.1 kg/m2. WG-supplemented
chocolate reduced LDH (-31.9%), total cholesterol (-16.1%), and
triglycerides (-34.5%). In comparison, the same parameters (LDH,
total cholesterol, and triglycerides) decreased slightly in the control
group (-2.5%, -7.8%, and -4.5%, respectively). Furthermore, WGsupplemented chocolate increased verbal IQ, IQ battery, and
overall IQ (+4.2%, +4.7%, and +8.6%, respectively). In conclusion
incorporating of chocolate supplemented with wheat germ,
psyllium, choline, and inositol in the diets of DS children resulted
in significant improvements in obesity, blood lipids, and IQs. |
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