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Environmental Effects of the Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Jos East, Plateau State, Nigeria |
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PP: 9-16 |
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Author(s) |
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J. Waida,
I. Umar,
N. G. Goki,
S. D. Yusuf,
B. I. Tabugbo,
U. Rilwan,
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Abstract |
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| Carcinogenic substances are those that induce tumors (benign or malignant), increase their incidence or malignancy or shorten the time of tumor occurrence when they get into the body through inhalation, injection, dermal application or ingestion. This work unveils the accumulates of heavy metals in Jos East using XRF. The results of this study showed that the Geo-Accumulation Index (Igeo) of water for different heavy metals decreased in the order of Cd (0.15) > Cr and As (0.03) > Pb (-0.13) > Ni (-0.6). Soil for different heavy metals decreased in the order of As and Cd (0.4) > Ni, Cr and Pb (0.2). The edible plants for different heavy metals decreased in the order of Cd (0.512) > As (0.25) > Pb (0.23) > Ni (0.01) > Ni (-0.06). 21% of these points are uncontaminated, except few points which are found within the uncontaminated to moderately contaminated level. It can be concluded that the area falls within uncontaminated-moderately contamination which calls for regulation. Hence this study can be used as a reference data for regulatory bodies like NNRA and the rest.
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