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Radiation Dose and Risk Assessment of Natural Radionuclides in Black Sand Collected From Rosetta Beach, Egypt |
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PP: 33-38 |
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doi:10.18576/jrna/090106
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Author(s) |
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M. Abdel Geleel,
Marwa Abdel Razik Abdou,
M. Youssef,
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Abstract |
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| Concentration of natural radionuclides materials on seashores vary from time to time as a result of climate changes. Black sand are spread along the northern coast of Egypt, from Rosetta city to Rafah city, with a length of 400 Km. Egypt owns 1.3 billion cubic meters distributed on 4 main areas one of these area is Rosetta beach. Rosetta beach is one of the public beaches that most of the resident of Rashid city uses as a resort. 25 black sand samples were collected from about 3 km along Rosetta beach. The natural radionuclides activity concentrations were measured by gamma-ray spectrometry system with hyperpure germanium (HPGe) detector.
The Radium Equivalent Activity, the external hazard index, the absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose were assessed and compared with internationally published values for external dose and activity concentrations. The activity concentration of Ra226, U238, Th232 and K40 in Rosetta black sand ranged from 7.44 ± 1.62 to 6.34 ± 1.27, 17.57 ± 3.6 to 6.97 ± 1.31, 16.11 ± 4.21 to 6.66 ± 1.30, 381.01 ± 43.33 to 141 ± 20.11 Bq kg-1, with a mean value of 11.93, 12.32, 11.78 and 259.11 Bq Kg-1 respectively. The results indicate that the absorbed dose rates range from 70.13 to 176.99 nGyh-1 with mean value of 121.08 nGy.h-1. The average absorbed dose rate for all samples are greater than the estimate of average global primordial radiation of 59 nGy/h and than the world range (10-200 nGy/h). The annual effective dose for outdoor and indoor varied between 0.086 and 0.217 mSv/y, with a mean average of 0.148 mSv/y and 0.344 and 0.868 mSv/y with a mean average of 0.591 mSv/y, respectively. Values of all studied samples are higher than the worldwide average for outdoor annual effective dose, which is 0.07 mSv/y.
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