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Background Exposure Levels and Organ Doses in Abzat Quarrying Site in Keffi, Nasarawa State |
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PP: 275- 281 |
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doi:10.18576/jrna/080309
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Author(s) |
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Iwa S. James,
Idris, M. Mustapha,
Isah S. Hamza,
Mohammed A. Aisha,
Abdullahi M. Hassan,
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Abstract |
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| In this study, the the background exposure levels in Abzat quarrying sites in Keffi, Nasarawa State has was investigated. An in-situ background exposure rate level for thirty (30) quarryng spots were carried out using a well calibrated portable halogen-quenched Geiger Muller (GM) detector (Inspector alert nuclear radiation monitor SN: 3544) placed 1 m above ground level. A Global Positioning System (GPS) was used to record the geopoints of the measured quarrying spot. Radiological health hazards parameters and radiation effective doses to different body organs were evaluated using the measured exposure rates values. The values of radiological hazard paramaters obtained were compared with recommended standards set by International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and United Nations Scientific Committee on the effect of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) for hazard evaluation.. The mean values of the outdoor background exposure levels (0.0945 mRh-1), absorbed dose rates (822.440 nGyh-1) and excess lifetime cancer risk (3.530×10-3) are higher than the recommended safe limits of 0.0130 mRh-1, 84.000 nGyh-1, 0.29×10-3 respectively as recommended by UNSCEAR and ICRP. The mean annual effective dose equivalent (1.00 mSvy-1) is within the recommended permissible limits of 1.00 mSvy-1 for general public exposure and the effective doses to different body organs are all below the recommended limits of 1.00 mSvy-1. The background exposure level in Abzat quarrying sites is relatively safe with a potential of posing health risk on residence of the area in years to come due to doses accumulated. |
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