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Implication the Hydrchemical Features of Water Resulted from the Black Sand Processing and its Contamination by Radionuclides, Toxic and REEs |
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PP: 59-72 |
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doi:10.18576/jrna/070107
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Author(s) |
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L. A. Yousef,
O. A. Ebyan,
A. M. El Shafey,
M. B. Bayoumi,
A. A. Ahmad,
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Abstract |
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| Mining of rare earth ores by water for physical upgrading resulted in hazard wastewater due to water-black sand interaction. The concentration of trace elements Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Zr, Fe and Pb illustrate that the studied washing water samples have permissible concentration suitable for drinking, laundry, irrigation, building, industrial, livestock and poultry except (Fe and Zr) elements. All water samples are unsuitable for drinking and irrigation and have iron and zirconium values higher than the recommended guideline values. Uranium, thorium and rare earths have values higher than the maximum permissible limits supported by organizations and recent studies indicating unsuitability for drinking water and other uses, in addition to their hazard on surficial, underground water and the surrounding plants. The most likely origin of water pollution is the lithological and mineralogical properties of rocks or minerals. Water quality and its suitability for irrigation and domestic purpose were examined by various hydrochemical parameters such as pH, total dissolved solids, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, sulfate and chloride. These parameters were used to assess the suitability of water samples for domestic purpose by comparing with WHO. TDS, sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percent sodium (Na%) and other parameters used for irrigation suitability assessment. |
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