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A General Fractional-Order Viral Infection Model with Cell-to-Cell Transmission and Adaptive Immunity |
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PP: 41-63 |
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doi:10.18576/pfda/090103
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Author(s) |
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Adnane Boukhouima,
El Mehdi Lotfi,
Marouane Mahrouf,
Noura Yousfi,
Toshikazu Kuniya,
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Abstract |
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| We propose a general fractional-order viral infection model with adaptive immune response including both productively infected cells and latently infected cells. This model incorporates two ways of infection, one by virus-to-cell and other by cell-to-cell transmissions, which are modeled by general nonlinear incidence functions. We first show that the proposed model is mathematically and biologically well-posed. Stability analysis of different steady states is explicitly performed and five threshold parameters are identified which determine clearance or maintenance of infection. In addition, we examine the robustness of the model to certain parameters by examining the reproduction numbers. Finally, we present numerical simulations that confirm which our model predicts well the evolution of viral infection.
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